Rigging & animation · Intermediate
Constraint
A rule that makes one object follow, copy or limit another
What is a constraint in 3D animation?
A constraint is a rule that makes one object or bone follow, copy or limit another automatically. It can keep a camera aimed at a character, hold a cup in a hand, or stop an elbow bending backward. Constraints handle that bookkeeping so you animate fewer things.
Think of it like this
Like a dog on a leash: wherever you walk, the dog follows within limits, and you never have to steer each step.
Where it fits in a 3D project
- Create
- Surface
- Rig
- Animate
- Render
- Export
Rig: Adding a skeleton and controls so the model can move.
How a constraint works
- 01Select the object or bone that should be controlled.
- 02Add a constraint type, such as copy location, track to or limit rotation.
- 03Pick a target object for it to follow, if the type needs one.
- 04Set its influence from 0 to 1, and animate that to switch it on or off.
Constraint vs parenting
| Property | Constraint | Parenting |
|---|---|---|
| Follows | Chosen channels, like rotation only | Every move of the parent |
| Switching off | Animate the influence smoothly | Unparent, which can make it jump |
| Limits | Can clamp how far things move | None |
Parent when one thing should always ride along with another; use a constraint when the following should be partial, limited or switchable.
Where a constraint is used
- Cameras that stay aimed at a moving subject
- Props passed from one hand to the other
- Stopping joints from bending past a natural limit
Beginner tip
To pass a prop between hands, give it one constraint per hand and animate their influence in opposite directions. The prop changes owner without jumping.
Terms related to a constraint
- ModelingParentingLinking objects so a child moves, turns and scales with its parent
- Rigging & animationControl rigThe handles animators grab to pose a character without touching bones
- Rigging & animationInverse kinematicsPosing a limb by moving its end, like dragging a hand into place
- Rigging & animationBoneOne rigid piece of a 3D skeleton that moves the mesh around it
- Rigging & animationRiggingGiving a model a skeleton and controls so it can be posed
Constraint FAQ
Updated October 29, 2026 · Browse all 3D terms